<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<emd emdb_id="EMD-6039" version="3.0.1.9">
    <admin>
        <status_history_list>
            <status status_id="1">
                <code>REL</code>
            </status>
        </status_history_list>
        <current_status>
            <code>OBS</code>
            <processing_site>RCSB</processing_site>
        </current_status>
        <sites>
            <deposition>RCSB</deposition>
            <last_processing>RCSB</last_processing>
        </sites>
        <key_dates>
            <deposition>2014-08-19</deposition>
            <header_release>2014-09-24</header_release>
            <map_release>2015-09-02</map_release>
            <obsolete>2015-09-02</obsolete>
            <update>2015-09-02</update>
        </key_dates>
        <title>Imaging proteins and cells in liquid solution at nanometer resolution by electron microscopy</title>
        <authors_list>
            <author>Ren G</author>
            <author>Peng B</author>
            <author>Zhang L</author>
            <author>Lei D</author>
            <author>Lu Z</author>
            <author>Wong E</author>
            <author>Zhang M</author>
            <author>Rames MJ</author>
            <author>Liu J</author>
            <author>De Yoreo JJ</author>
            <author>Zhang J</author>
        </authors_list>
        <keywords>Liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy, protein structure in liquid solution, bacteria structure in growth medium, virus infecting mammalian cell</keywords>
    </admin>
    <crossreferences>
        <citation_list>
            <primary_citation>
                <journal_citation published="false">
                    <author order="1">Ren G</author>
                    <author order="2">Peng B</author>
                    <author order="3">Zhang L</author>
                    <author order="4">Lei D</author>
                    <author order="5">Lu Z</author>
                    <author order="6">Wong E</author>
                    <author order="7">Zhang M</author>
                    <author order="8">Rames MJ</author>
                    <author order="9">Liu J</author>
                    <author order="10">De Yoreo JJ</author>
                    <author order="11">Zhang J</author>
                    <title>Imaging proteins and cells in liquid solution at nanometer resolution by electron microscopy</title>
                    <journal>To Be Published</journal>
                </journal_citation>
            </primary_citation>
            <secondary_citation>
                <journal_citation published="true">
                    <author order="1">Zhang L</author>
                    <author order="2">Ren G</author>
                    <title>IPET and FETR: Experimental Approach for Studying Molecular Structure Dynamics by Cryo-Electron Tomography of a Single-Molecule Structure</title>
                    <journal>PLOS ONE</journal>
                    <volume>7</volume>
                    <first_page>e30249</first_page>
                    <last_page>e30249</last_page>
                    <year>2012</year>
                    <external_references type="PUBMED">22291925</external_references>
                    <external_references type="DOI">doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030249</external_references>
                </journal_citation>
            </secondary_citation>
        </citation_list>
    </crossreferences>
    <sample>
        <name>An HIV-like virus in the "landing" stage of infecting a HeLa cell. Images were acquired in liquid solution by electron microscopy, and the 3D reconstruction was performed using IPET.</name>
        <supramolecule_list>
            <sample_supramolecule supramolecule_id="1000">
                <name>An HIV-like virus in the "landing" stage of infecting a HeLa cell. Images were acquired in liquid solution by electron microscopy, and the 3D reconstruction was performed using IPET.</name>
                <details>The lentivirus is a replication-incompetent HIV that was generated using a third-generation packaging system for the expression of non-functional short hairpin RNA.</details>
                <oligomeric_state>a single HIV-like virus bound to the surface membrane of a HeLa cell</oligomeric_state>
                <number_unique_components>2</number_unique_components>
            </sample_supramolecule>
            <virus_supramolecule supramolecule_id="1">
                <name synonym="replication-incompetent HIV">Lentivirus</name>
                <details>A HIV-like virus infecting a HeLa cell surface.</details>
                <sci_species_name ncbi="11646">Lentivirus</sci_species_name>
                <natural_host database="NCBI">
                    <organism ncbi="9606">Homo sapiens</organism>
                    <synonym_organism>VERTEBRATES</synonym_organism>
                </natural_host>
                <host_system database="NCBI"/>
                <virus_type>VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLE</virus_type>
                <virus_isolate>OTHER</virus_isolate>
                <virus_enveloped>true</virus_enveloped>
                <virus_empty>false</virus_empty>
                <syn_species_name>replication-incompetent HIV</syn_species_name>
            </virus_supramolecule>
            <organelle_or_cellular_component_supramolecule supramolecule_id="2">
                <name>surface membrane</name>
                <recombinant_exp_flag>false</recombinant_exp_flag>
                <natural_source database="NCBI">
                    <organism ncbi="9606">Homo sapiens</organism>
                    <synonym_organism>human</synonym_organism>
                    <cell>HeLa cell</cell>
                </natural_source>
                <recombinant_expression database="NCBI"/>
            </organelle_or_cellular_component_supramolecule>
        </supramolecule_list>
    </sample>
    <structure_determination_list>
        <structure_determination structure_determination_id="1">
            <method>tomography</method>
            <aggregation_state>cell</aggregation_state>
            <specimen_preparation_list>
                <tomography_preparation preparation_id="1">
                    <buffer>
                        <ph>7.4</ph>
                        <details>MEM medium (containing 10% FBS with 5% CO2)</details>
                    </buffer>
                    <staining>
                        <type>NEGATIVE</type>
                        <details>No stain, in liquid solution, at room temperature</details>
                    </staining>
                    <grid>
                        <details>Two 200 mesh copper TEM grids pre-coated with a thin layer of Formvar film, no glow discharge</details>
                    </grid>
                    <vitrification>
                        <cryogen_name>NONE</cryogen_name>
                        <instrument>OTHER</instrument>
                    </vitrification>
                </tomography_preparation>
            </specimen_preparation_list>
            <microscopy_list>
                <tomography_microscopy microscopy_id="1">
                    <microscope>ZEISS LIBRA120PLUS</microscope>
                    <illumination_mode>FLOOD BEAM</illumination_mode>
                    <imaging_mode>BRIGHT FIELD</imaging_mode>
                    <electron_source>LAB6</electron_source>
                    <acceleration_voltage units="kV">120</acceleration_voltage>
                    <nominal_cs units="mm">2.2</nominal_cs>
                    <nominal_defocus_max units="µm">11.0</nominal_defocus_max>
                    <nominal_magnification>10000.0</nominal_magnification>
                    <calibrated_magnification>13988.0</calibrated_magnification>
                    <specimen_holder_model>OTHER</specimen_holder_model>
                    <temperature>
                        <temperature_min units="K">293</temperature_min>
                        <temperature_max units="K">296</temperature_max>
                        <temperature_average units="K">295</temperature_average>
                    </temperature>
                    <alignment_procedure>
                        <legacy>
                            <astigmatism>Objective lens astigmatism was corrected at 125,000 times magnification.</astigmatism>
                        </legacy>
                    </alignment_procedure>
                    <specialist_optics>
                        <energy_filter>
                            <name>Zeiss Libra 120 PLUS</name>
                            <lower_energy_threshold units="eV">0.0</lower_energy_threshold>
                            <upper_energy_threshold units="eV">20.0</upper_energy_threshold>
                        </energy_filter>
                    </specialist_optics>
                    <details>Low-dose illumination</details>
                    <date>2010-11-15</date>
                    <image_recording_list>
                        <image_recording>
                            <film_or_detector_model category="CCD">GATAN ULTRASCAN 4000 (4k x 4k)</film_or_detector_model>
                            <number_real_images>103</number_real_images>
                            <average_electron_dose_per_image units="e/Å^2">26</average_electron_dose_per_image>
                            <bits_per_pixel>16.0</bits_per_pixel>
                        </image_recording>
                    </image_recording_list>
                    <specimen_holder>Normal room-temperature specimen holder</specimen_holder>
                    <tilt_series>
                        <axis1>
                            <min_angle units="deg">-36</min_angle>
                            <max_angle units="deg">66</max_angle>
                            <angle_increment units="deg">1</angle_increment>
                        </axis1>
                    </tilt_series>
                </tomography_microscopy>
            </microscopy_list>
            <tomography_processing image_processing_id="1">
                <details>Whole micrographs were initially aligned using the IMOD software package. CTF was then corrected using TOMOCTF. Small areas within the images (square windows of 128 to 360 pixels, i.e., ~137 to 386 nm) containing the targeted virus were tracked, selected, windowed, aligned, and refined using individual-particle electron tomography (IPET) software.</details>
                <final_reconstruction>
                    <algorithm>OTHER</algorithm>
                    <resolution units="Å" res_type="BY AUTHOR">73.0</resolution>
                    <resolution_method>OTHER</resolution_method>
                    <software_list>
                        <software>
                            <name>IPET, Spider, EMAN, TOMOCTF, IMOD</name>
                        </software>
                    </software_list>
                    <details>The resolution was defined based on intra-Fourier shell correlation, in which the aligned images were split into two halves (odd index or even index) to generate two 3D reconstructions for computing FSC curves against spatial frequency shells in Fourier space. The frequency at which the FSC curve falls to a value of 0.5 was used to represent the resolution of the IPET 3D density map.</details>
                    <number_images_used>103</number_images_used>
                </final_reconstruction>
                <ctf_correction>
                    <details>TOMOCTF</details>
                </ctf_correction>
            </tomography_processing>
        </structure_determination>
    </structure_determination_list>
    <map format="CCP4" size_kbytes="182251">
        <file>emd_6039.map.gz</file>
        <symmetry>
            <space_group>1</space_group>
        </symmetry>
        <data_type>IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)</data_type>
        <dimensions>
            <col>360</col>
            <row>360</row>
            <sec>360</sec>
        </dimensions>
        <origin>
            <col>-180</col>
            <row>-180</row>
            <sec>-180</sec>
        </origin>
        <spacing>
            <x>360</x>
            <y>360</y>
            <z>360</z>
        </spacing>
        <cell>
            <a units="Å">3859.2002</a>
            <b units="Å">3859.2002</b>
            <c units="Å">3859.2002</c>
            <alpha units="deg">90.0</alpha>
            <beta units="deg">90.0</beta>
            <gamma units="deg">90.0</gamma>
        </cell>
        <axis_order>
            <fast>X</fast>
            <medium>Y</medium>
            <slow>Z</slow>
        </axis_order>
        <statistics>
            <minimum>-1.516608</minimum>
            <maximum>1.0405004</maximum>
            <average>0.0063672</average>
            <std>0.07338254</std>
        </statistics>
        <pixel_spacing>
            <x units="Å">10.72</x>
            <y units="Å">10.72</y>
            <z units="Å">10.72</z>
        </pixel_spacing>
        <annotation_details>3D reconstruction of an HIV-like particle landing on the membrane surface of a HeLa cell in liquid solution. The particle was imaged in liquid solution and the 3D reconstruction was performed using IPET (Individual-Particle Electron Tomography).</annotation_details>
        <details>::::EMDATABANK.org::::EMD-6039::::</details>
    </map>
    <interpretation>
        <figure_list>
            <figure>
                <file>emd_6039.tif</file>
            </figure>
        </figure_list>
    </interpretation>
</emd>
